Pneumonia ʻaʻano

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia paha ka niumonia a huehue paha ka maʻi o ke akemama ma muli o ka maʻi me kahi ʻōpala.

Me ka maʻi pailua atypical, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi e nā bacteria ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā maʻi maʻamau i loaʻa i ka maʻi pneumonia. ʻO ka maʻi ʻōmaʻa atypical kekahi i loaʻa nā ʻōuli milder ma mua o ka maʻi maʻamau.

ʻO nā koʻohune i kumu i ka maʻi ʻōmele atypical pū:

• Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mycoplasma pneumonia e nā bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Hoʻopili pinepine ia i ka poʻe ma mua o 40 mau makahiki.
• Poniaʻi ma muli o Chlamydophila pneumoniae Loaʻa ka bacteria i ka makahiki āpau.
• Poniaʻi ma muli o Legionella pneumophila ʻike pinepine ʻia ka bacteria ma waena o nā makahiki a me nā mākua makua, nā mea puhipaka, a me nā mea me nā maʻi maʻi mau a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali. Hiki ke ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano pneumonia ʻo ka maʻi Legionnaire.

ʻO ka pulumonia ma muli o ka mycoplasma a me ka chlamydophila bacteria he maʻa maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi Poniaonia ma muli o ka legionella ma mua o 4 a 6 mau lā, a laila hoʻomaikaʻi ma mua o 4 a 5 mau lā.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka niumonia ʻo:

• ʻO Chills
• Cough (me ka legionella pneumonia, hiki iā ʻoe ke huʻe i ke kōpaʻa koko)
• Fiva, he akahai paha a kiʻekiʻe paha
• Ka hanu o ka hanu (hiki wale ke hana ʻoe iā ʻoe iho)

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e like me:

• ʻOi ka ʻeha o ka umauma ke ʻoi aku ka hanu ke hanu ʻoe a i ʻole ka ʻeha
• Huikau, pinepine i ka poʻe ʻelemakule a i ʻole nā ​​mea me ka maʻi leona legionella
• ʻEha poʻo
• Ka nele o ka makemake, haʻahaʻa ikehu, a me ka luhi
• ʻEha ka ʻū a me ka ʻāʻī paʻa
• ʻO ka ʻili huehue a huehue

ʻO nā ʻōuli liʻiliʻi e pili pū ana me:

• Diarrhea (pinepine me ka legionella pneumonia)
• ʻEha pepeiao (me ka mycoplasma pneumonia)
• ʻO ka ʻeha a ʻehaʻeha paha o ka maka (me ka mycoplasma pneumonia)
• Puʻu ʻāʻī (me ka mycoplasma pneumonia)
• Rash (me ka mycoplasma pneumonia)
• ʻO ka puʻu maʻi (me ka mycoplasma pneumonia)

Pono ka poʻe me ka pneumonia i manaʻo ʻia he loiloi olakino piha. He mea paʻakikī paha i kāu kauka olakino e haʻi inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka niumonia, bronchitis, a i ʻole kahi maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe, no laila pono ʻoe i kahi x-ray umauma.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nui o nā ʻōuli, e hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me:

• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Nā hoʻokolohua koko e ʻike ai i nā koʻohune kikoʻī
• Bronchoscopy (ʻaʻole pono iki)
• CT scan o ka umauma
• Ke ana ʻana i nā pae o ka oxygen a me carbon dioxide i loko o ke koko (nā kinoea koko arterial)
• ʻO ka ihu a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī puʻu e nānā ai no nā koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi
• Nā moʻomeheu koko
• E wehe i ka biopsy māmā (hana wale ʻia i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi loa ke hiki ʻole ke hana ʻia ka maʻi mai nā kumu ʻē aʻe)
• Hoʻomaopopo ka moʻomeheu Sputum i nā koʻohune kikoʻī
• Hōʻike i ka mimi e nānā ai i nā koʻohune legionella

I mea e ʻoi aku ai ka maikaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kēia mau hana mālama pilikino ma ka home:

• Kaohi i kou kuni me ka aspirin, NSAIDs (e like me ka ibuprofen a i ʻole naproxen), a i ʻole acetaminophen. Mai hāʻawi i ka aspirin i nā keiki no ka mea he kumu ia i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo Reye Syndrome.
• Mai lawe i nā lāʻau laʻau me ka ʻole e kamaʻilio mua me kāu mea hāʻawi. Hiki i nā lāʻau cough ke hana i paʻakikī i kou kino e hoʻoulu i ka sputum keu.
• E inu i ka nui o nā wai e kōkua e hoʻokuʻu i nā huna huna a lawe mai i ka phlegm.
• E hoʻomaha nui. E hana kekahi i nā hana o ka hale.

Inā pono, e kuhikuhi ʻia iā ʻoe nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo.

• Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo ma ka waha ma ka home.
• Inā koʻikoʻi kou ʻano, e hoʻokomo ʻia ʻoe i ka haukapila. Ma laila, e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i nā lāʻau antibiotic ma o ke aa (intravenously), a me ka oxygen.
• Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau antibiotic no 2 mau pule a ʻoi.
• E hoʻopau i nā lāʻau āpau āpau i kuhikuhi ʻia iā ʻoe, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Inā kū koke ʻoe i ka lāʻau, hiki i ka niumonia ke hoʻi mai a ʻoi aku paha ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ka pulumonia ma muli o ka mycoplasma a i ʻole chlamydophila e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me nā antibiotic kūpono. Hiki i ka Legionella pneumonia ke koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia, pinepine pinepine i ka poʻe me ka hōʻino ʻole o ka puʻuwai, ka maʻi diabetes, maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD), a i ʻole kahi ʻōnaehana nāwaliwali. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make.

Nā pilikia e hopena paha e komo i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO nā maʻi lolo a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, e like me ka meningitis, myelitis, a me nā encephalitis
• Hemolytic anemia, kahi kūlana i lawa ʻole ai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i ke koko no ka mea ke luku nei ke kino iā lākou
• Poino nui māmā
• Nā pono hanu e koi ana i ke kākoʻo mīkini hanu (ventilator)

Kāhea aku i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa ʻoe i ke kuni, ka pehu, a me ka pōkole o ka hanu. Nui nā kumu no kēia mau ʻōuli. Pono ka mea hāʻawi e kāpae aku i ka maʻi pneumonia.

Eia kekahi, e kāhea inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me kēia ʻano pneumonia a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kāu mau hōʻailona ma hope o ka hoʻomaikaʻi mua ʻana.

E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima a hana ka poʻe ʻē aʻe a puni iā ​​ʻoe e hana like.

Hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me nā poʻe maʻi inā hiki.

Inā nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale, e noho kaʻawale i ka lehulehu. E noi i nā malihini kipa i loaʻa i ke anuanu e komo i ka pale maka.

MAI Puhi. Inā hana ʻoe, e kōkua e haʻalele.

E kiʻi i ka maʻi flu i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E noi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā pono ʻoe i kahi lāʻau ākea pneumonia.

Hele pneumonia; Loaʻa i ka pulumonia i loaʻa i ke kaiāulu - atypical

• ʻO Ponia i nā mākua - hoʻokuʻu
• Poniaʻi i nā keiki - hoʻokuʻu

• Lungs
• ʻŌnaehana hanu

Baum SG, Goldman DL. Mycoplasma nā maʻi maʻi. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 301.

Holzman RS, Simberkoff MS, Leaf HL. Mycoplasma pneumoniae a me ka pneumonia ʻāpiki. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 183.

Moran GJ, Waxman MA. Pulumonia. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 66.