He aha ka BPA a no ke aha he maikaʻi ʻole iā ʻoe?

Anter

• He aha ka BPA?
• ʻO nā huahana i loaʻa iā ia?
• Pehea ia e komo ai i kou kino?
• Maikaʻi iā ʻoe?
• Nā Mīkini Olaola o BPA
• ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa BPA
• Mei kumu infertility i loko o nā kāne a me nā wahine
• Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma nā pēpē
• Hoʻopili ʻia i ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo 2
• Hiki ke hāpai i kāu makaʻu o ka momona
• Hiki i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe
• Pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu hōʻike
• Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO ka BPA kahi mea hana ʻenehana i hiki ke loaʻa i kāu meaʻai a me nā mea inu.

Wahi a kekahi poʻe loea he mea ʻawaʻawa ia a e hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e hōʻalo iā ia.

Akā kānalua paha ʻoe inā he ʻino maoli ia.

Hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi loiloi piha o ka BPA a me nā hopena olakino.

He aha ka BPA?

ʻO ka BPA (bisphenol A) kahi kemika i hoʻohui ʻia i nā huahana kalepa he nui, e like me nā ipu meaʻai a me nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Ua ʻike mua ʻia ia i nā makahiki 1890, akā ua ʻike nā kemika i ka makahiki 1950 hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hana i nā plastics ikaika a kūpaʻa hoʻi.

I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana mau ʻia nā plastics BPA i loko o nā ipu meaʻai, nā ʻōmole pēpē, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo BPA e hana i nā resins epoxy, i pāhola ʻia i ka uhi o loko o nā ipu meaʻai i hiki ke mālama i ka hao i ka pala a haki.

ʻO ka BPA kahi hui synthetic i loaʻa i loko o nā plastics he nui, a me ka uhi o nā ipu ʻai i kēke ʻia.

ʻO nā huahana i loaʻa iā ia?

ʻO nā huahana maʻamau i loaʻa iā BPA nā:

• Nā mea i pūʻolo i loko o nā ipu ea
• Mea ʻai kēpau
• Nā hale hana pono
• Nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wahine
• Nā loaʻa palapala paʻi wela
• Nā CD a me nā DVD
• Uila uila o ko ka hale
• ʻO nā aniani aniani
• Lako haʻuki
• Niho e hoʻopiha nei i nā kekona

He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo he nui nā huahana manuahi BPA i hoʻololi wale i ka BPA me bisphenol-S (BPS) a i ʻole bisphenol-F (BPF).

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā concentrations liʻiliʻi o BPS a me BPF ke hoʻohaunaele i ka hana o kāu mau hunaola ma ke ʻano like me BPA. No laila, ʻaʻole paha nā ʻōmole BPA i kahi hopena kūpono ().

ʻO nā mea ea i lepili ʻia me nā helu hoʻopōʻaiapuni 3 a me 7 a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala "PC" i loaʻa iā BPA, BPS, a i ʻole BPF.

Loaʻa ka BPA a me nā mea ʻē aʻe - BPS a me BPF - i nā huahana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, i kapa pinepine ʻia me nā code hoʻopōʻaiapuni 3 a i ʻole 7 a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala "PC."

Pehea ia e komo ai i kou kino?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hōʻike BPA ma o kāu papaʻai ().

Ke hana ʻia nā ipu BPA, ʻaʻole paʻa nā BPA āpau i ka huahana. ʻAe kēia i kahi ʻāpana e uhaʻi a kāwili pū me nā ʻike o ka ipu ke hoʻohui ʻia ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​wai (,).

ʻO kahi laʻana, ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou i nā pae BPA i ka mimi i hoʻemi ʻia e 66% ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā kahi i pale ai nā mea komo i nā meaʻai pūʻolo.

ʻO kekahi haʻawina i ʻai i ka poʻe i hoʻokahi lawelawe ʻana i kahi sup a i ʻole kē kē kēa i kēlā me kēia lā no nā lā ʻelima. ʻO nā pae mimi o BPA he 1,221% kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka poʻe i hoʻopau i ka sup kēpau ().

Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻike ʻo WHO ʻo nā pae BPA o nā pēpē i hānai ʻia a hiki i ʻewalu mau manawa ma lalo o ka mea i hānai ʻia i ka wai wai i loaʻa mai nā ʻōmole BPA ().

ʻO kāu papaʻai - ʻoi aku ka hoʻopili a me nā meaʻai i kēke ʻia - ʻo ia ke kumu nui o BPA. Hāpai nā pēpē i ka haʻina mai nā ʻōmole BPA i loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ko lākou mau kino.

Maikaʻi iā ʻoe?

Wahi a nā loea he nui he hōʻeha ka BPA - akā ʻaʻole kūlike kekahi.

Hoʻomaopopo kēia ʻāpana i ka hana a ka BPA i loko o ke kino a no ke aha e noho mau ai ka hopena o ke olakino.

Nā Mīkini Olaola o BPA

ʻ saidlelo ʻia ʻo BPA e mimic i ka hanana a me ka hana o ka hormone estrogen ().

Ma muli o kona ʻano like me ka estrogen, hiki i ka BPA ke hoʻopaʻa i nā estrogen receptor a hoʻohuli i nā hana o ke kino, e like me ka ulu ʻana, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka pūnaewele, hoʻomohala fetal, nā pae ikehu, a me ka hana hou.

Hoʻohui ʻia, pili pū paha ka BPA me nā mea loaʻa nā homone, e like me nā mea no kou thyroid, a hoʻololi i kā lākou hana ().

ʻIke kou kino i nā loli i ka pae o ka hormone, ʻo ia ke kumu e manaʻo ʻia ai ka hiki i ka BPA ke mimic estrogen ke hoʻololi i kou olakino.

ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa BPA

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻikepili ma luna, haʻohaʻo ka poʻe he nui inā pono e pāpā ʻia ka BPA.

Ua pāpā ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻia ʻana ma EU, Kanada, Kina, a me Malaysia - no nā huahana no nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi.

Ua ukali aku kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia nā lula pekelala.

I ka 2014, ua hoʻokuʻu ka FDA i kāna hōʻike hou loa, i hōʻoia i ka palena mua o 1980 i kēlā me kēia lā palena o 23 mcg no ka paona o ke kaumaha o ke kino (50 mcg per kg) a ua paʻa ʻo BPA ka palekana i nā pae i ʻae ʻia ().

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana i nā koʻokoʻo hōʻike i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka BPA ma nā pae haʻahaʻa - ma kahi o 4.5 mcg no ka paona (10 mcg per kg) i kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO ka mea hou aʻe, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mōneka e hōʻike ana i nā pae i kūlike me nā mea i ana ʻia i kēia manawa i nā kānaka i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hana hou ʻana (,).

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi loiloi ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi kālā āpau i loaʻa ʻole nā ​​hopena o ka hōʻike BPA, ʻoiai ʻo 92% o nā noiʻi ʻaʻole i kālā kālā ʻia e ka ʻoihana i loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ().

He ʻano like ko BPA e like me ka estrogen estrogen. Hoʻopili paha ia i nā mea loaʻa estrogen, e hoʻopili ana i nā hana o ke kino.

Mei kumu infertility i loko o nā kāne a me nā wahine

Hiki paha i ka BPA ke hoʻopili i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kou momona.

Hoʻokahi o nā noiʻi i ʻike ʻia he ʻekolu mau manawa ka nui o ka BPA i loko o kā lākou koko e nā wahine me ka hāpai hānai pinepine ʻana ().

ʻO nā mea hou aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana o nā wahine e hana ana i nā hana hoʻohua momona ʻo ka poʻe me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka BPA e hoʻohālikelike haʻahaʻa i ka hana ʻana i ka hua manu a hiki i ʻelua mau manawa liʻiliʻi e hāpai (().

Ma waena o nā kāne e hana ana i ka fertilization vitro (IVF), ʻo nā kāne me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe loa he 30-46% paha e hana i nā embryos haʻahaʻa ().

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻokoʻa i nā kāne me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe he 3-4 mau manawa i loaʻa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka helu sperm haʻahaʻa ().

Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻike nā kāne e hana ana i nā ʻoihana hana BPA ma Kina i ka 4.5 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka erectile a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka moekolohe ma mua o nā kāne ʻē aʻe ().

ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ia ʻano hopena, ua ʻae kekahi mau loiloi hou e pono ana nā noiʻi hou e hoʻoikaika i ke kino o nā hōʻike (,,).

Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ka BPA ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole i nā ʻano he nui o ka momona kāne a wahine.

Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma nā pēpē

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā noiʻi - akā ʻaʻole naʻe nā mea āpau - ua ʻike i nā keiki i hānau ʻia i nā makuahine i hōʻike ʻia i ka BPA ma ka hana he 0,5 paona (0.2 kg) ka liʻiliʻi ma ka hānau ʻana, ma ka awelika, ma mua o nā keiki a nā makuahine i hōʻike ʻole ʻia (,,).

ʻO nā keiki i hānau ʻia i nā mākua i hōʻike ʻia i ka BPA ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mamao mai ke anus a ka genitalia, kahi e kuhikuhi hou aku ai i nā hopena hormonal a BPA i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ().

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo nā keiki i hānau ʻia i nā makuwahine me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe ʻoi aku ka nui o ke hyperactive, ka pīhoihoi, a me ke kaumaha. Ua hōʻike lākou he 1.5 mau manawa hou aku ka reactivity a me 1.1 mau manawa iʻoi aku ka wikiwiki (,,).

ʻO ka mea hope loa, manaʻo ʻia ʻo BPA i ka wā o ke ola e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohuli i ka prostate a me ka ulu ʻana o kaʻiʻo o ka umauma i nā ala e hoʻonui ai i ka maka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai he nui nā haʻawina holoholona e kākoʻo i kēia, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopaʻa kanaka (,,,, 33,).

ʻO ka hōʻike BPA i ka wā o ke ola mua e hoʻohuli i ka kaumaha o ka hānau ʻana, ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hormonal, ka lawena, a me ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ke ola hope.

Hoʻopili ʻia i ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi maʻamau ʻo 2

Hōʻike nā noiʻi kanaka i kahi 27-135% ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ke kahe o ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ka poʻe me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe (,).

Eia kekahi, ʻo kahi ana ma 1,455 ʻAmelika ua hoʻopili i nā pae BPA kiʻekiʻe i kahi 18-63% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me 21-60% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi diabetes ().

Ma kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe, ua pili nā pae BPA kiʻekiʻe i kahi 68-130% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ().

ʻO ka mea hou aku, ʻo ka poʻe me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe loa he 37% ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka insulin, kahi mea hoʻokele nui o ka metabolic syndrome a me ka maʻi ʻano 2 ().

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa kekahi mau noiʻi i nā loulou ma waena o BPA a me kēia mau maʻi (,,).

Pili nā pae BPA kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi o ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Hiki ke hāpai i kāu makaʻu o ka momona

Loaʻa paha i nā wahine Obese nā pae BPA 47% ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea o ko lākou mau kaona kaulike maʻamau ().

Hōʻike pū kekahi mau noiʻi e pili ana i ka poʻe me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe he 50-85% ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka momona a 59% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pūhaka - ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻae nā noiʻi āpau (,,,,).

ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua nānā ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona like i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio (,).

ʻOiai pili ka hōʻike prenatal i ka BPA i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kaumaha i nā holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole i hoʻokūpaʻa nui ʻia kēia i nā kānaka (,).

Pili ka waiū BPA i ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka momona a me ka pōʻai o ka pūhaka. Eia naʻe, pono hou ʻia kahi noiʻi.

Hiki i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe

Pili paha ka hōʻike BPA i nā pilikia o ke olakino:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Hiki i nā pae BPA ke 46% kiʻekiʻe ma nā wahine me PCOS, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahine me ka ʻole PCOS ().
• Lawe mua: ʻO nā wahine me nā kiʻekiʻe BPA kiʻekiʻe i ka wā hāpai he 91% ʻoi aku ka nui e hāʻawi ma mua o 37 mau wiki ().
• Asthma: Pili ka hānau prenatal ʻoi aku i ka BPA i kahi 130% ʻoi aku ka nui o ka weliweli o ka hānai ʻana i nā pēpē ma lalo o ʻeono mau makahiki. Pili ka pili ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio i ka BPA i ka wheezing ma hope o ke kamaliʻi (,).
• Hana ate: Pili nā pae BPA kiʻekiʻe i kahi 29% ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o nā pae ʻōnaehana o ke akepaʻa maʻamau ().
• Hana palekana: Hiki i nā pae BPA ke kōkua i ka hana pale pale ().
• ʻO kāu hana thyroid: Pili nā pae BPA kiʻekiʻe i nā pae maʻamau o ka thyroid hormoni, e hōʻike ana i ka hana thyroid hemahema (,,).
• Hana lolo: Ua hōʻike palekana ʻia nā mōʻī ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻApelika i nā pae BPA e ka Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) i ka nalowale ʻana o nā pilina ma waena o nā lolo lolo (59).

Ua hoʻopili pū ʻia ka hōʻike BPA i kekahi mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe, e like me nā pilikia me ka lolo, ka ate, ka thyroid, a me ka hana pale. Pono e noiʻi hou e hōʻoia i kēia mau hopena.

Pehea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu hōʻike

Hāʻawi ʻia i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole āpau, makemake paha ʻoe e hōʻalo iā BPA.

ʻOiai he hiki ʻole ke hoʻopau loa iā ia, aia kekahi mau ala kūpono e hōʻemi ai i kāu hōʻike:

• Hōʻalo i nā meaʻai pūʻolo: ʻAi i ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai. E haʻalele i nā mea ʻai a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai i pūʻolo ʻia i loko o nā ipu pelika i lepili ʻia me nā helu hoʻopōʻaiapuni 3 a i ʻole 7 a i ʻole nā ​​huapalapala "PC."
• Inu mai nā ʻōmole aniani: Kūʻai i nā wai e hele mai i loko o nā ʻōmole aniani ma kahi o nā hue palolo a i ʻole nā ​​kini, a hoʻohana i nā ʻōmole pēpē kīʻaha ma kahi o nā ʻeke.
• E haʻalele iā BPA huahana: E like me ka hiki, e kaupalena i kāu hoʻopili me nā loaʻa, no ka mea, loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o BPA i kēia.
• E koho me nā mea pāʻani: E nānā pono i nā mea pāʻani ea āu e kūʻai ai no kāu poʻe keiki i hana ʻia mai ka lako BPA -ʻaʻohe mea nui no nā mea pāʻani a nā keiki liʻiliʻi e nau a hānai ai paha.
• Mai Mai ea ea: ʻO ka microwave a mālama i nā meaʻai i loko o ke kīʻaha ma mua o ka plastic.
• E kūʻai i ka pauka pēpē pauka: Paipai kekahi mau loea i nā paukū ma luna o nā wai mai nā ipu BPA, no ka mea e loaʻa paha ka wai i ka BPA mai ka ipu.

Nui a hewahewa nā ala e hōʻemi ai i kou hōʻike ʻana i ka BPA mai kāu papaʻai a me ke kaiapuni.

Ka Laina Lalo

I ka mālamalama o nā hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻina e kaupalena ai i kāu hōʻike BPA a me nā mea ʻino e hiki ke loaʻa.

I ke kikoʻī, pōmaikaʻi paha nā wahine hāpai mai ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka BPA - keu hoʻi i ka wā o ka hāpai mua ʻana.

ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka inu ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa mai kahi ʻōmole palolo "PC" a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana mai kahi kini ʻaʻole paha ia he kumu e makaʻu ai.

ʻO ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ke kuapo ʻana i nā ipu ea no nā mea noa ʻole BPA e koi iki ana i ka hopena olakino nui loa.

Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻai i nā meaʻai hou, hoʻopau āpau ʻoe i kāu hōʻike BPA.