He aha ka mea hiki a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?

Anter

• He aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?
• He aha ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?
• Hōʻike lā
• Nā moena humuhumu
• Hoʻololi genetic
• Nā kumu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
• He aha ka mea i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?
• Nā peʻa
• ʻScreenmaki maka lā
• Nā mea hoʻonani a me nā huahana mālama ʻili
• ʻO wai ka mea ʻino loa?
• I ka manawa hea e ʻimi ai i ka mālama
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻoi loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Akā, i nā manawa he nui, hiki ke pale ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka mea hiki a hiki ʻole ke kumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hana pale nui.

Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā kumu maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili a me kekahi mau mea i hoʻoholo ʻole ʻia e hoʻokumu iā ia. E nānā pū mākou i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona paha he hōʻailona ia e ʻike i kāu kauka.

He aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?

Ke hōʻino ʻia ʻo DNA, hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā mea ʻino ma nā keena. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole make kēia mau pūnaewele e like me ka mea e pono ai. Akā, hoʻomau lākou i ka ulu a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, e hana ana i nā keena ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ka nui.

Hiki i kēia mau mutate huna ke pale i ka ʻōnaehana pale a hohola a puni ke kino. Ke hoʻomaka nei kēia hōʻino ʻana o DNA i loko o nā huna o kou ʻili, loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Nā ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili me:

• kinikō basal cell
• carcinoma sele uila
• melanoma

Ma kahi o 95 pākēneka o nā maʻi ʻili ʻili he cell basal a i ʻole cell squamous. He curable kēia mau ʻano nonmelanoma ke ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wanaʻao. He paʻakikī e ʻōlelo i ka nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mea e koi ai e hōʻike iā lākou i kahi papa inoa maʻi ʻaʻa.

ʻOi aku ke koʻikoʻi ʻo Melanoma, e helu ana ma kahi o 75 pākēneka o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Wahi a ka American Cancer Society, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 96,000 mau hihia hou o melanoma ma 2019.

He aha ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?

Hōʻike lā

ʻO ke kumu No. 1 o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ka ultraviolet (UV) pāhawewe mai ka lā. Eia kekahi mau mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai:

• Kanawalu pākēneka o ka puka ʻana o ka lā ma mua o kou hiki ʻana i ka makahiki 18.
• Hōʻike ka hōʻike i ka hoʻoilo e like me ka makaʻu e like me ka hōʻike i ke kauwela.
• Hiki ke hopena i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Nonmelanoma i ka hopena o ka lā cumulative.
• Hiki i nā lā wela ma mua o ka makahiki 18 ke alakaʻi i ka melanoma ma hope o ke ola.
• Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me nā antibiotic, ke hoʻonui i ka ʻike o kou ʻili i ka lā o ka lā.
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi "base tan" hāʻawi ʻole i kahi pale mai ka lā ʻana a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou puka lā ma o ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• E hoʻohana i ka pale sunblock a pale pale paha me SPF 30, ma ka liʻiliʻi.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā kapa pale i ka wā o ka lā.
• E ʻimi i ka malu ke hiki, keu hoʻi ma waena o 10 a 3 pm. ke ikaika loa nā kukuna o ka lā.
• E kau i ka pāpale e pale ai i ka ʻili ma kou alo a me kou poʻo.

Nā moena humuhumu

Hiki i nā kukuna UV ke hōʻino i kou ʻili, no ka mea mai hea lākou i hele mai ai. Hana nā moena kālailai, nā hale lole, a me nā sunlamp i nā kukuna UV. ʻAʻole lākou i ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o ka sunat, a ʻaʻole hoʻomākaukau i kou ʻili no ka suntanning.

Wahi a ka noiʻi, noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hana kāʻili i loko i nā kānaka he carcinogenic i nā kānaka. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia kahi noiʻi e hoʻomāhuahua ka moe tanning i ka makaʻu o ka melanoma ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻā.

Hoʻololi genetic

Hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia a loaʻa ʻole i nā hoʻololi genetic i kou wā e ola ana. ʻO ka hoʻololi kūlohelohe i loaʻa pinepine ʻia e pili ana me ka melanoma ka oncogene BRAF.

Wahi a ka, ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka poʻe i loaʻa ka melanoma i pāhola ʻia, a i ʻole melanoma i hiki ʻole ke hemo me ke ʻoki, loaʻa nā hoʻololi i ka gen BRAF.

ʻO nā hoʻololi hoʻololi ʻē aʻe kekahi:

• NRAS
• CDKN2A
• NF1
• C-KIT

Nā kumu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi

Inā hana ʻoe i kou mau kui i ka hale lole, loaʻa paha ʻoe i kou mau manamana lima ma lalo o ke kukui UV e hoʻomaloʻo.

ʻO kahi haʻawina liʻiliʻi loa i paʻi ʻia i loko e hōʻike ana i ke kū ʻana i nā kukui kui UV kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. ʻOiai e pono ana kahi noiʻi hou, koi nā mea kākau e hoʻohana i nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i kou mau kui.

ʻO nā kumu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili e komo pū me:

• hōʻike hou i nā X-ray a i ʻole CT scans
• scars ma muli o ka wela a maʻi paha
• ka hana hana i kekahi mau kemika, e like me ka arsenic

He aha ka mea i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili?

Nā peʻa

ʻAʻohe mea hōʻike e hoʻokumu nā peʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i nā peʻa ke paʻakikī i ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻalo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka peʻa ma luna o ka mole a i kahi wahi ʻē aʻe e hopohopo paha.

E hōʻoia i kouʻili i kā ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa. E ʻike koke i kahi dermatologist inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea kānalua.

ʻScreenmaki maka lā

He mea naʻauao e noʻonoʻo i nā mea hoʻohui o kekahi huahana āu e kau ai i kou ʻili, me ka pale o ka lā. Akā ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea ma MD Anderson Cancer Center a me ke Kula Lapaʻau ʻo Harvard ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻike ana i ka pale ʻana o ka lā i nā maʻi ʻaʻai.

Me ka American Cancer Society (ACS), paipai ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pale aniani ākea ākea e ālai i nā kukuna UVA a me UVB.

Nā mea hoʻonani a me nā huahana mālama ʻili

Nui nā cosmetic, mālama ʻili, a me nā huahana mālama pilikino ʻē aʻe i nā papa inoa lōʻihi o nā mea hoʻohui. Hiki paha i kekahi o kēia mau mea ke hoʻopōʻino i ka nui.

No ka hapanui, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lawa nā kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā huahana pilikino pilikino i kekahi mau mea ʻona e hiki ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Wahi a ka ACS, ʻaʻole lawa nā noiʻi wā lōʻihi i nā kānaka e hoʻopiʻi ai e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Akā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokau loa ʻia nā pilikia olakino o ka hōʻike wā lōʻihi i kekahi mau lāʻau make.

Inā he hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kahi huahana āu e hoʻohana nei, e nānā i nā mea hana a kūkākūkā me kahi dermatologist.

ʻO wai ka mea ʻino loa?

Hiki i kēlā me kēia mea ke hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili, akā hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia:

• me ka ʻili maikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻili freckled
• ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi lā koʻikoʻi, ʻā ʻana o ka lā, ʻoiai ʻo ke keiki a ʻōpio paha
• hoʻolōʻihi wā lōʻihi i ka lā
• nā wahi waiho lole, nā hale lole, a me nā kukui
• e noho nei i kahi aniau, ʻano kiʻekiʻe
• mole, ʻoi aku kekahi me ka ʻole
• lesions ʻili precancerous
• moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili
• ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali
• ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation, me radiation therapy no ka ʻili
• ka hōʻike ʻana i ka arsenic a i ʻole nā ​​kemika hana
• xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), kahi kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻololi kūlohelohe
• kekahi mau hoʻoilina hoʻoilina i loaʻa a loaʻa ʻia paha

Inā ua loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili i hoʻokahi manawa, makaʻu ʻoe i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana iā ia.

ʻO Melanoma ka mea maʻamau i nā keʻokeʻo ʻole Hispanic. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne ma mua o 50 mau makahiki, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma hope o 65 mau makahiki.

I ka manawa hea e ʻimi ai i ka mālama

E ʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli i kou ʻili, e like me ka liona ʻili hou, mole hou, a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi i kahi mole e kū nei.

Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke kinikini cell Basal e like me:

• kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, waxy ma ka maka a i ʻole ʻāʻī
• i kahi poni ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole lesion palaunu ma nā lima, nā wāwae, a i ʻole kumu lāʻau

E like paha ka carcinoma Squamous cell:

• he paʻa, ʻulaʻula nodule
• kahi liona mānoanoa, wīwī me ka makaʻu, ke kahe ʻana o ke kō, a i ʻole ka ʻūpā ʻana

Maliʻa paha ke nānā aku o Melanoma i kahi puʻupuʻu, i ka palaki, a i ka mole paha. ʻO ka maʻamau:

• asymmetric (ʻokoʻa kekahi ʻaoʻao mai kekahi ʻaoʻao)
• kāwele ʻia a puni nā kihi
• ʻeleʻele i ke kala, a he keʻokeʻo paha, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, a polū
• ke ulu nei i ka nui
• ke hoʻololi nei i ka helehelena a i ʻole pehea ke ʻano, e like me ka ʻūlū a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana

Ke laina lalo

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ka puka ʻana o ka lā. Hiki ke hōʻike i ka wā kamaliʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ma hope i ke ola.

ʻOiai aia kekahi mau kumu pilikia ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kōkua, e like me nā genetics, aia kekahi mau hana e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke lawe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou makaʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i ka pale ʻana i kou ʻili mai nā kukuna UV, ka pale ʻana i nā moena huluhulu, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sunscreen ākea

E ʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli maʻamau i kou ʻili. Ke ʻike mua ʻia, hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.