He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana iā HIV i nā keiki?

Anter

• He aha ke kumu o ka maʻi HIV i nā keiki?
• Lawe kū kiʻekiʻe
• Hoʻoili papamoe
• Nā hōʻailona HIV i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio
• Pehea ia ʻike?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
• Nā maʻi āpau a me ka maʻi HIV
• Lawe aku

Ua hele lōʻihi mai ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi HIV i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. I kēia lā, ulu nui nā keiki e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV i ka wā makua.

ʻO ka maʻi HIV ka mea nāna e hoʻouka i ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO ia ka mea e maʻalahi ai nā keiki me ka maʻi HIV i ka maʻi a me nā maʻi. Hiki i ke kōkua kūpono ke pale aku i nā maʻi a mālama i ka maʻi HIV mai ka holomua i ka maʻi SIDA.

E heluhelu ma ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā kumu o ka maʻi HIV i nā keiki a me nā pilikia nui o ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio e noho ana me ka maʻi HIV.

He aha ke kumu o ka maʻi HIV i nā keiki?

Lawe kū kiʻekiʻe

Hiki ke hānau ʻia kahi keiki me HIV a ʻaelike paha ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. Kāhea ʻia ʻo HIV i utero ua kapa ʻia ka lawe ʻana i ka perinatal a i ʻole ke kaʻina kaulike.

Hiki i ka maʻi HIV ke hele i nā keiki:

• i ka wā hāpai (e hele ana mai ka makuahine a ke pēpē ma o ka placenta)
• i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana (ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​wai ʻē aʻe)
• ʻoiai hānai waiū

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēlā me kēia mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV e hoʻoili iā ia i kā lākou pēpē, keu hoʻi i ka hopena o ka antiretroviral therapy.

Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka helu o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV i ka wā hāpai hāpai e iho i lalo o 5 pākēneka me ke kōkua, e like me ka. Me ka ʻole o ke kōkua, ʻo ka helu o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi HIV i ka wā hāpai hāpai ma kahi o 15 a 45 pakeneka.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ke kaʻe kū i ke ala maʻamau nā keiki ma lalo o 13 mau makahiki e ʻaelike nei me ka maʻi HIV.

Hoʻoili papamoe

ʻO ka lawe lua ʻana, a i ʻole ke lawe ākea, ke hoʻohuli ʻia ʻo HIV e ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka semen i loaʻa i ka maʻi, ka wai aʻa, a i ʻole ke koko.

ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka moekolohe ka ala maʻamau e ʻaelike ai nā ʻōpio i ka maʻi HIV. Hiki ke hoʻoili i ka wā o ka sex vaginal, oral, a anal ʻole i pale ʻole ʻia.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻōpio ke hoʻohana mau i kahi ala pale o ka kaohi hānau ʻana, a hoʻohana pololei paha ia. ʻAʻole paha lākou i ʻike he maʻi HIV kā lākou a hāʻawi iā haʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i kahi ʻano pale e like me ka condom, a i ʻole hoʻohana hewa ʻana i kekahi, hiki ke hāpai i ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi lele (STI), kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o ka ʻaelike a i ʻole ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka maʻi HIV.

ʻO nā kamaliʻi a me nā ʻōpio e kaʻana like i nā nila, nā syringes, a me nā mea like like me ka pilikia no ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi HIV.

Hiki ke hoʻoiho ʻia ka maʻi HIV ma o ke koko maʻi i loko o nā hoʻonohonoho mālama ola. ʻOi aku paha kēia ma nā wahi o ka honua ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Wahi a nā Centres for Disease Control and Prevent, aia ia maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

ʻAʻole hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi ma o:

• nahu ʻāpala
• ʻūhā
• ka hou
• waimaka
• apoapo

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa mai ke kaʻana like ʻana:

• kāwele a moe paha
• nā aniani inu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻai
• noho ʻauʻau a ʻauʻau paha

Nā hōʻailona HIV i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio

ʻAʻole paha i loaʻa i kahi pēpē kekahi mau ʻōuli maopopo i ka mua. Ke hoʻonāwaliwali nei ka ʻōnaehana pale, hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e ʻike:

• nele i ka ikaika
• lohi ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana
• wela kūmau, hou ʻana i ka hou
• pākī pinepine
• hoʻonui ʻia nā lymph node
• hana hou a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i nā maʻi e pane maikaʻi ʻole i ka lāʻau
• Kaumaha emi
• holomua ʻole

Kūlike nā ʻōuli mai ke keiki a ke keiki a me ka makahiki. Loaʻa i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio:

• ʻāwīwī o ka ʻili
• ʻōniu waha
• maʻi maʻi hū ʻoi pinepine
• hoʻonui ākea a i ʻole ʻūhā
• maʻi kīnā
• nā pilikia ʻōpū
• nā pilikia hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo
• maʻi puʻupuʻu benign a malignant paha

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā keiki me ka maʻi HIV ʻole i nā hanana e like me:

• maʻi puʻupuʻu
• ʻalalā
• herpes
• maʻi hepa
• maʻi maʻi pelvic
• pulumonia
• meningitis

Pehea ia ʻike?

ʻIke ʻia ka maʻi HIV ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko, akā ʻoi aku paha ma mua o hoʻokahi hōʻike.

Hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ke kuhi inā loaʻa ke koko i nā maʻi hepela. Akā i ka wā mua i ka papa o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole lawa paha nā pae antibody no ka ʻike.

Inā maikaʻi ʻole ka hoʻāʻo akā manaʻo ʻia ʻo HIV, hiki ke hana hou i ka hoʻokolohua i loko o 3 mau mahina a hou i 6 mau mahina.

Ke hōʻoia maikaʻi ka ʻōpio no ka maʻi HIV, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā hoa kolohe āpau a me nā poʻe a lākou i loaʻa ai nā nila a i ʻole nā ​​nīkini i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻāʻo a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau, inā pono.

I ka 2018, ka CDC mau hihia hou i ka United States ma ka makahiki e like me:

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka maʻi HIV ke hoola i kēia manawa, akā hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia a mālama ʻia. I kēia lā, nui nā keiki a me nā mākua me HIV e ola nei, ola ola.

ʻO ka lapaʻau nui no nā keiki e like me nā mākua: antiretroviral therapy. ʻO Antiretroviral therapy a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka holomua a me ka lawe ʻana o ka maʻi.

Pono ka mālama ʻana no nā keiki i kekahi mau manaʻo kūikawā. Ka makahiki, ka ulu ʻana, a me ke kahua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea āpau a pono e nānā hou ʻia i ka wā e holomua ai ke keiki ma o ka wā ʻōpio a i ka wā makua.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai ʻo:

• ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi HIV
• ka makaʻu o ka holomua
• nā maʻi ma mua e pili ana i ka maʻi HIV
• pōkole wā pōkole a me ka wā lōʻihi
• nā hopena ʻaoʻao
• launa lāʻau

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi loiloi ʻōnaehana 2014 i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau antiretroviral ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana e hoʻonui ai i ke ola o ke pēpē, hoʻemi i nā maʻi nui, a hoʻemi i nā manawa o ka holomua o ka maʻi HIV i ka maʻi SIDA.

Hoʻopili ka Antiretroviral therapy i kahi hui o ka liʻiliʻi o ʻekolu mau lāʻau antiretroviral.

Ke koho ʻana i nā lāʻau e hoʻohana ai, noʻonoʻo nā mea mālama ola i ka hiki ke kūpaʻa lāʻau, kahi e hoʻopili ai i nā koho lapaʻau e hiki mai ana. Pono e hoʻoponopono i nā lāʻau i kēlā me kēia manawa.

ʻO kahi mea hana nui no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa antiretroviral therapy ka mālama i ka regimen lapaʻau. Wahi a ka WHO, mālama ʻia ka mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka kaohi paʻa ʻana o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau e like me ke kuhikuhi. He paʻakikī paha kēia no nā keiki, keu hoʻi inā pilikia lākou i ka ale ʻana i nā pila a makemake paha e hōʻalo i nā hopena ʻoluʻolu ʻole. I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia, loaʻa kekahi mau lāʻau i nā wai a i ʻole nā ​​syrup e hana maʻalahi ai i nā keiki ʻōpio e lawe.

Pono nā mākua a me nā mea mālama e hana pū me nā mea lawelawe olakino. I kekahi mau hihia, pono ke ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻohana no nā mea āpau e pili ana.

Pono paha nā ʻōpio e noho nei me ka maʻi HIV.

• ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino a me nā hui kākoʻo
• ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo olakino reproductive, me ka hānau ʻana, ka nohona moekolohe olakino, a me ka hāpai keiki
• ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no STI
• kānana hoʻohana kānana
• Kākoʻo no kahi hoʻololi maikaʻi i ke olakino makua

Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i ka maʻi pediatric HIV. Hoʻohou pinepine ʻia nā kulekele lapaʻau.

E mālama pono i ka mālama ʻana o kāu keiki i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻōuli hou a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao lāʻau. Mai kānalua i ka nīnau ʻana i nā nīnau e pili ana i ke olakino a me ka lāʻau o kāu keiki.

Nā maʻi āpau a me ka maʻi HIV

ʻOiai ke hoʻomau ʻia nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau āpau i kēia manawa e pale a mālama iā HIV.

Akā no ka mea hiki i ka HIV ke hoʻoikaika i kou kino e hakakā i nā maʻi, nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio me ka maʻi HIV e kūlia i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā lāʻau āpau ke hoʻoulu i kahi pane pale, no laila ke loaʻa, pono i nā kānaka me ka HIV e loaʻa i nā lāʻau i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia.

Hiki i kāu kauka lawelawe ke aʻoaʻo iā ʻoe ma ka manawa a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau āpau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• varicella (paukū, shingles)
• hepatitis B
• kanaka papillomavirus (HPV)
• maʻi palū
• measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
• meningococcal meningitis
• pulumonia
• polio
• tetanus, diphtheria, a me pertussis (Tdap)
• hepatitis A

Ke hele nei i waho o ka ʻāina, aʻoaʻo paha nā lāʻau āpau ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea e pale aku ai i ka cholera a i ʻole ke kuni melemele. E kamaʻilio maikaʻi me ke kauka o kāu keiki ma mua o ka huakaʻi honua.

Lawe aku

ʻO ka ulu ʻana me ka HIV hiki ke hōʻike i nā pilikia he nui no nā keiki a me nā mākua, akā pili i ka antiretroviral therapy - a me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana kākoʻo ikaika - hiki ke kōkua i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio e ola olakino, e hoʻokō i nā ola.

Nui a hewahewa nā lawelawe kākoʻo i loaʻa no nā keiki, ko lākou mau ʻohana, a me nā mea mālama. No ka ʻike hou aku, e noi i nā mea mālama ola o kāu keiki e kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i nā hui i kou wahi, a i ʻole hiki ke kāhea i kāu mokuʻāina ʻo HIV / AIDS Hotline.