Pehea e pau ai ka ʻai ʻana o ka Carbohidrat?

Anter

• Nā ʻano kālika
• Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā
• Pehea e pau ai ka ʻai?
• 1. Ka waha
• 2. ʻO ka'ōpū
• 3. ʻO ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, pancreas, a me ke ake
• 4. Kolona
• Nā kūlana olakino e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻai ʻana o ka carbohydrates
• Galactosemia
• Malabsorption Fructose
• ʻO Mucopolysaccharidoses
• Nā maʻi pyruvate metabolism
• Ke laina lalo
• ʻLelo aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe
  

He aha nā mea ʻaʻā?

Hāʻawi nā Carbohidates i ka ikaika o ke kino e hele e pili ana i kāu hana noʻonoʻo a me ke kino. ʻO ka Digesting a metabolizing carbohydrates paha e haki i nā meaʻai i lalo i nā kō, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā saccharides. Hoʻomaka kēia mau molekiola i ka digesting i loko o ka waha a hoʻomau ma o ke kino e hoʻohana ʻia no kekahi mea mai ka hana maʻamau o ka cell i ka ulu ʻana o ka cell a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻōpelu i manaʻo ʻia he "maikaʻi" ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he "ʻino." Akā maoli, ʻaʻole maʻalahi.

Aia he ʻekolu ʻano nui o nā pākeke. Kūpono kūlohelohe kekahi mau ʻōpelu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā huaʻai a me nā lauʻai holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai e hoʻoponopono ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole nele a i ʻole kāʻili ʻia paha o kā lākou mea momona. Eia ka hana:

Nā ʻano kālika

ʻO nā ʻano koleka ʻekolu:

• starches a i ʻole nā ​​ʻākeʻakeʻa paʻakikī
• nā sukake a i ʻole nā ​​kālaki maʻalahi
• puluniu

Wāwahi nā kōpikopaʻa maʻalahi a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka glucose (aka kō kō. ʻO kahi kalapona maʻalahi kahi i komo i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau mole kō, ʻoiai ʻo kahi kōpoki paʻakikī i ʻekolu a ʻoi paha nā mole kō.

ʻO ka fiber, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i nā carbs olakino, akā ʻaʻole i ʻeli ʻia a haki paha. Ua hōʻike ʻia he maikaʻi no ke olakino puʻuwai a me ka hoʻokele kaumaha.

Kūpono nā kūmole maʻalahi i ka hua a me ka waiū. Hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia hoʻi nā sugars maʻalahi i hiki i nā ʻoihana meaʻai ke hoʻohui i nā meaʻai e like me ka soda, ke kanakē, a me nā meaʻai meaʻai.

ʻO nā kumuwaiwai maikaʻi o nā carbohydrates paʻakikī i:

• palaoa holoʻokoʻa
• legume
• pīni
• ʻāpala
• peas
• ʻuala

Loaʻa ka puluniu i nā kinikini ola nui e like me:

• nā huaʻai
• nā mea kanu
• palaoa holoʻokoʻa
• pīni
• legume

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā fibrous, paʻakikī a maʻalahi hoʻi mai nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me nā hua e pale aku iā ʻoe mai ka maʻi a hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i kou kaupaona. Hoʻopili kēia mau carbs i nā huaora a me nā minelala.

Eia nō naʻe, kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻōpelu i hana ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā kinikini akā he mea ʻole loa ia o ka meaʻai. Hoʻomaopopo lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona i ka poʻe a hāʻawi paha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kūlana pili i ka momona, e like me ka maʻi diabetes 2 a me nā maʻi puʻuwai.

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā

Pono nā Carbohidates e hoʻonui i 45 a 65 paha pakeneka o kāu lawe ʻana i ka calorie i kēlā me kēia lā e like me nā kuhikuhi papaʻai ʻAmelika.

No ke kanaka e ʻai ana i ka mea maʻamau he 2000 mau calorie i kēlā lā i kēia lā, ʻo ia hoʻi ka make ʻana o nā ʻōpelu i 900 a 1,300 o kēlā mau calorie. Kuhi kēia ma kahi o 225 a 325 mau gram i kēlā me kēia lā. Eia nō naʻe, e loli ka ʻai ʻana o kāu ʻona ma muli o kāu mau pono ponoʻī.

Pehea e pau ai ka ʻai?

Hele nā ​​meaʻai āpau āu e ʻai ai i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana digestive i hiki ai iā ia ke wāwahi ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia e ke kino. Lawe ʻo Carbohidates i kahi huakaʻi e hoʻomaka me ka lawe ʻana ma ka waha a hoʻopau me ka hoʻopau ʻana mai kāu kolone. Nui nā mea i kū ma waena o ke kiko o ke komo a me ka puka.

1. Ka waha

Hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻōla i nā ʻōpelu i ka minuke i pā ai ka meaʻai i kou waha. Hūnā ka saliva mai kou mau galani salivary i ka meaʻai ke nau ʻia.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻo Saliva i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo amylase, kahi e hoʻomaka ai i ke kaʻina haʻihaʻi o nā kō i nā huaʻalea āu e ʻai nei.

2. ʻO ka'ōpū

Mai laila mai, moni ʻoe i ka meaʻai i kēia manawa ua nau ʻia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Hele nā ​​ʻōpelu i loko o kāu esophagus i kou ʻōpū. I kēia manawa, kapa ʻia ka meaʻai he chyme.

Hana kou ʻōpū i ka waikawa e pepehi i nā koʻohune i ka chyme ma mua o ka hana hou ʻana i ka huakaʻi digestion.

3. ʻO ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, pancreas, a me ke ake

Hele ka chyme mai ka ʻōpū a i ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, i kapa ʻia ka duodenum. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka pancreas i ka amrease pancreatic. ʻO kēia enzyme e wāwahi i ka chyme i dextrin a me maltose.

Mai laila, hoʻomaka ka paia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e hana lactase, sucrase, a me maltase. ʻO kēia mau enzyme e wāwahi i nā kō i kahi monosaccharides a i hoʻokahi kō.

ʻO kēia mau kō ka mea e omo hope loa ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa e lawe ʻia ai lākou, hana hou ʻia lākou e ke akepaʻa a mālama ʻia e like me glycogen. Hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā glucose ʻē aʻe ma ke kino e ke kahe o ke koko.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hormone insulin mai ka pancreas a ʻae i ka glucose e hoʻohana i ka ikehu.

4. Kolona

ʻO nā mea i koe ma hope o kēia mau kaʻina digestive hele i ke kolona. A laila wāwahi ʻia e nā koʻohune ʻōpū. Aia ka fiber i loko o nā mea ʻaihue a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoiho ʻia e ke kino. Hiki i ke kolona a laila hoʻopau ʻia me kāu mau noho.

Nā kūlana olakino e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻai ʻana o ka carbohydrates

Aia kekahi mau kūlana olakino i hiki ke keʻakeʻa i ke kaʻina hana o ka digesting carbohydrates. ʻAʻole lawa ka papa inoa aʻe a pinepine ʻole kēia mau kūlana a me nā moʻokūʻauhau, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hoʻoilina lākou i ka wā hānau.

Galactosemia

ʻO Galactosemia kahi maʻi maʻi e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ke kino i ka galactose kō maʻalahi, kahi kō i ʻāpana o kahi kō nui i kapa ʻia he lactose i loaʻa i ka waiū, ka tī, a me nā huahana waiū ʻē aʻe. Ke alakaʻi nei ia i ka nui o kēia kō i ke koko, e hana ana i nā pilikia e like me ka hōʻino o ke ake, nā kīnā aʻo, a i nā pilikia hānau.

Malabsorption Fructose

Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻano intolerance dietary. Hoʻopili ia pehea e haki ai ke kino i ka fructose kō mai nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, ka meli, agave, a me nā meaʻai i hana ʻia. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• nausea
• pāhoehoe
• luhi mau

ʻO Mucopolysaccharidoses

ʻO Hunter Syndrome kahi ʻano o nā maʻi hoʻoilina i hoʻoili ʻia ma lalo o mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma waena o nā makahiki o 2 a me 4 mau makahiki a ua kumu ʻia e kahi nalo enzyme nalo ʻole e wāwahi i nā haʻuki. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā pono o ke kino, ka helehelena, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo, a me nā hana a ke kanaka e kēia maʻi.

Nā maʻi pyruvate metabolism

ʻO ka hemahema Pyruvate dehydrogenase kahi ʻano o ka maʻi hoʻoilina i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma lalo o nā maʻi pyruvate metabolism. Hoʻokumu ia i ka buildup o ka lactic acid i ke kahe o ke koko.

E hoʻomaka paha nā ʻōuli ma ke ʻano o ka wā kamaliʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• lethargy
• hānai hune ʻana
• hanu wikiwiki
• leo puʻupuʻu maikaʻi ʻole
• neʻe ʻole o ka maka

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hōʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana o ka ʻaʻā.

Ke laina lalo

Pono ke kino i nā ʻōmole momona e holo pono. Pono kahi papaʻai i nā meaʻai āpau olakino e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka wahie e lawa ai ka mana ma o kou lā.

E hoʻopili pono i ka nui o nā huʻopaʻa paʻakikī, e like me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu - ma waena o 900 a me 1,300 calories i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e loli kēia nui ma muli o kou kiʻekiʻe, kaupaona, a me ka pae o ka hana. No kāu mau pono ponoʻī ponoʻī, koi ʻia ʻoe e ʻōlelo me kahi dietitian.

ʻLelo aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe

• Me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, hoʻopiha i kāu pā me nā kīʻaha holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o nā hua i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. Loaʻa i kēia mau koho carbohydrate paʻakikī ka nui o nā fiber a me nā mea nui kī, e like me nā huaora B.
• Nānā i nā huahana waiū me nā kō i hoʻohui ʻia. Hāʻawi nā waiū momona, nā paʻi waiūpaʻa momona, a me nā yogurts i ke kino i ka puna a me ka protein, a me nā huaora a me nā minelala ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ukana caloric.
• Hoʻokomo hou i nā pī, nā pi, a me nā lihi i kou lā. ʻAʻole wale kēia mau legume e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā huehue paʻakikī, akā ke kaena nei lākou i nā nui o ka protein, folate, potassium, iron, a me ka magnesium me ka ʻole o ka momona.
• Heluhelu i kāu lepili. E makaʻala mau i nā kō i hoʻohui ʻia, keu hoʻi i nā meaʻai i hoʻoponopono ʻia. Pono ʻoe e ʻimi e loaʻa ma lalo o 10 pākēneka o kāu mau calorie i kēlā me kēia lā mai nā pākuʻi i hoʻohui ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​carbohydrates maʻalahi.