He aha e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka hoʻāla ʻana o Anthrax

Anter

• E pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax
• Na wai e loaʻa kēia lāʻau āpau?
• Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka lāʻau āpau?
• Hōʻikeʻike mua
• Hoʻolaha hope
• ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e loaʻa?
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi
• Nā hopena ʻē aʻe a me nā hopena pilikia
• Nā launa lāʻau
• Nā mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Anthrax i ka nūhou
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka Anthrax kahi maʻi lele i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia Bacillus anthracis. ʻAʻohe loaʻa iki i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, akā ulu ka maʻi o ka maʻi i kekahi manawa. He hiki nō ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea kaua lāʻau.

Hiki i nā koʻohune Anthrax ke hana i nā hale moe i kapa ʻia nā spores i kūpaʻa loa. Ke komo kēia mau spore i ke kino, hiki i nā bacteria ke hoʻoulu hou a hana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a hiki i ka make make.

E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax, ʻo wai ka mea pono ke loaʻa, a he aha nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

E pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax

Hoʻokahi wale nō lāʻau hoʻomaʻi anthrax i loaʻa ma United States. ʻO BioThrax kona inoa inoa. E ʻike paha ʻoe ua kuhikuhi ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he vaccine anthrax adsorbed (AVA).

Hana ʻia ʻo AVA me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kanana o ka anthrax e avirulent, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole paha e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi. ʻAʻohe i loko o ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo kekahi o nā pūnaewele bacteria.

Akā, hana ʻia ʻo AVA i kahi moʻomeheu bacteria i kānana ʻia. Loaʻa ka hopena sterile hopena i nā protein i hana ʻia e nā bacteria i ka ulu ʻana.

Kāhea ʻia kekahi o kēia mau protein i ka antigen pale (PA). ʻO PA kekahi o nā ʻāpana ʻekolu o ka toxin anthrax, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria i ka wā o ka maʻi. ʻO kēia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā toxins i hiki ke kumu i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi.

Hoʻoulu ʻo AVA i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hana i nā mea pale i ka protein PA. Hiki i kēia mau antibodies ke kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā toxine anthrax inā pono ʻoe e ʻaelike i ka maʻi.

Na wai e loaʻa kēia lāʻau āpau?

ʻAʻole loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax i ka lehulehu. Paipai ka mea i kēia manawa e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau āpau i nā hui kikoʻī loa.

ʻO kēia mau pūʻulu ka poʻe e launa pū me ka bacteria anthrax. Hoʻopili lākou i nā poʻe 18 mai 65 a ʻo:

• nā limahana o ka hale hana e hana pū me ka bacteria bacteria anthrax
• nā poʻe e hana pū ana me nā holoholona a i ʻole nā ​​huahana holoholona i loaʻa i nā maʻi, e like me nā limahana lāʻau
• kekahi o nā pūʻali koa U.S. (e like me ka mea i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka 'Oihana Hoʻokele)
• ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻole ʻia i hōʻike ʻia i ka bacteria anthrax

Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka lāʻau āpau?

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻano ʻelua ʻelua e pili ana i ka pre-expose a me ka post-expose i ka anthrax.

Hōʻikeʻike mua

No ka pale ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau ākea anthrax i loko o ʻelima mau kaha intramuscular. Hāʻawi ʻia nā kau ma 1, 6, 12, a me 18 mau mahina ma hope o ka mahele mua.

Ma waho aʻe o nā kumu ʻekolu, koi ʻia nā mea hoʻoikaika i kēlā me kēia 12 mahina ma hope o ka hopena hope loa. Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka manawa, hiki i nā mea hoʻoikaika ke hāʻawi i ka pale hoʻomau i nā poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka anthrax.

Hoʻolaha hope

Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i ka poʻe i hoʻoponopono ʻole ʻia i hōʻike ʻia i ka anthrax, kaomi ʻia ka papa kuhikuhi i ʻekolu mau subcutaneite.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau mua i ka hiki wawe, ʻo ka lua a me ke kolu e hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ʻelua a ʻehā mau pule. Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotic no 60 mau lā ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau āpau.

ʻO wai ka mea pono ʻole e loaʻa?

ʻAʻole pono ka poʻe aʻe i ka lāʻau vaccine anthrax:

• ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi hopena koʻikoʻi a hoʻoweliweli paha i hala i ka lāʻau anthrax a i ʻole kekahi o kāna ʻāpana
• nā kānaka me ka ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali ma muli o nā kūlana autoimmune, HIV, a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• wahine hāpai a manaʻoʻiʻo paha he hāpai lākou
• ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi anthrax ma mua
• ka poʻe i kūpono i ka maʻi nui (pono lākou e kali a hiki i ka wā e ola hou ai lākou e huʻi ʻia)

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao

E like me nā lāʻau āpau a lāʻau paha, loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax kekahi mau hopena ʻē aʻe.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi

Wahi a ka, hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao mālie ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• ʻulaʻula, pehu, a i ʻole he puʻupuʻu ma ke kahua o ka injection
• ʻeha o ka ʻeha a ʻino hoʻi ma ka pūnaewele injection
• ʻeha nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha ma ka lima kahi i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka ʻume, kahi e kaupalena ai i ka neʻe ʻana
• luhi a luhi paha
• ʻeha poʻo

Hoʻoholo pinepine kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao iā lākou iho me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau.

Nā hopena ʻē aʻe a me nā hopena pilikia

Wahi a ka, nā hopena ʻino nui i hōʻike ʻia e pili pū me nā hopena maʻi ʻino e like me ka anaphylaxis. Kū pinepine kēia mau hopena i loko o nā minuke a i ʻole mau hola o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau āpau.

He mea nui ia e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka anaphylaxis i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i ka mālama ulia pōpilikia. Hiki i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona ke hoʻopili pū:

• paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
• pehu i ka ʻāʻī, lehelehe, a i ʻole ke alo
• nausea
• ka luaʻi
• abdominal eha
• pāhoehoe
• puʻuwai wikiwiki
• luuluu
• maule ana

Kākaʻikahi loa kēia ʻano hopena, me ka hōʻike e hōʻike ʻia nei no kēlā me kēia dosis he 100,000.

Nā launa lāʻau

ʻAʻole pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau ākea anthrax me nā lāʻau immunosuppressive, e like me chemotherapy, corticosteroids, a me radiation therapy. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻoponopono ke hōʻemi i ka hopena o AVA.

Nā mea hana lāʻau lapaʻau

Me nā protein e hana ma ke ʻano he mea hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax, nā mea mālama a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana i ka lāʻau āpau. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• aluminium hydroxide, kahi mea hana maʻamau i nā antacids
• sodium chloride (paʻakai)
• poloka benzethonium
• formaldehyde

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Anthrax i ka nūhou

Ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax i ka nūhou i nā makahiki i hala aku nei. Pili kēia i nā hopohopo i loko o ke kaiāulu pūʻali koa e pili ana i nā hopena mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax. No laila he aha ka moʻolelo?

Ua hoʻomaka ka 'Oihana o ka Puʻukū i kahi papa hana hoʻowalewale anthrax mandatory i ka makahiki 1998. ʻO ka pahuhopu o kēia papahana ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i nā pūʻali koa e kūʻē i ka hiki ke loaʻa i nā koʻohune anthrax i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he meaola lāʻau.

Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā manaʻo i loko o ke kaiāulu pūʻali koa e pili ana i nā hopena olakino lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax, keu hoʻi ma nā koa ʻo Gulf War. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kānaka noiʻi ka pilina ma waena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax a me nā maʻi lōʻihi.

I ka makahiki 2006, ua hōʻano hou ʻia ka papahana lāʻau lapaʻau e hana manawaleʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax no ka hapa nui o nā hui i ka pūʻali koa. Eia nō naʻe, pono nō ia no kekahi o nā limahana. Hoʻopili kēia mau pūʻulu i nā mea e pili ana i nā mikiona kūikawā a i hoʻonohonoho ʻia paha i nā wahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe.

Ke laina lalo

Pale aku ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax i ka anthrax, kahi maʻi weliweli i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria. Hoʻokahi wale nō lāʻau hoʻomaʻi anthrax i loaʻa ma United States. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia i nā protein i loaʻa mai kahi moʻomeheu bacteria.

Hiki i nā hui kikoʻī o ka poʻe ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau anthrax, me nā hui e like me kekahi ʻepekema ʻepekema, nā veterinarians, a me nā limahana koa. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi kanaka unvaccinated inā pili lākou i ka anthrax.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hopena mai ka lāʻau ākea anthrax he akahai a hele aku ma hope o kekahi mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, i nā manawa kakaikahi, ua kū mai nā hopena maʻi ʻino. Inā paipai ʻia e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau ākea anthrax, e kūkā kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hopena pili me kāu kauka ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia.