Mālama hāpai keiki

ʻO ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana ma mua, i ka wā, a ma hope o kou hāpai ʻana he mea nui ia. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i kāu pēpē e ulu a ulu a mālama iā olua olakino olakino. ʻO ia ke ala ʻoi loa e ʻike pono i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke poʻo o kāu keiki i kahi ola olakino.

MALAMA PONO

ʻO ka mālama prenatal maikaʻi me nā meaʻai maikaʻi a me nā ʻano olakino maikaʻi ma mua a i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ke kūpono, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻāʻo e hāpai. Eia kekahi mau mea āu e pono ai e hana:

Koho i kahi mea hāʻawi: E makemake ʻoe e koho i kahi mea hoʻolako i kou hāpai ʻana a hānau hānau. Hāʻawi kēia mea hoʻolako i ka mālama mālama hānau ʻana, ka lawe ʻana, a me nā lawelawe postpartum.

E lawe i ka waikawa folic: Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana i ka hāpai ʻana, a i ʻole hāpai paha, pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi waihona me 400 micrograms (0.4 mg) folic acid o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka waikawa folic e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i ka makaʻu no kekahi mau hānau hānau. ʻO nā huaora Prenatal kokoke i nā manawa a pau ma mua o 400 micrograms (0.4 mg) o ka waikawa folic ma ka capsule a i ʻole ka papa.

Pono ʻoe:

• E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā lāʻau āu e lawe ai. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i nā lāʻau i loaʻa i ka lāʻau kūʻai. E lawe wale ʻoe i nā lāʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu mea lawelawe e palekana ʻoiai ʻoe e hāpai ana.
• Hōʻalo i nā wai ʻona āpau a me nā hoʻohana leʻaleʻa a kaohi i ka caffeine.
• E haʻalele i ka puhi ʻana, inā ʻoe e puhi.

E hele no nā kipa prenatal a me nā hoʻāʻo. E ʻike ʻoe i kāu mea hoʻolako i nā manawa he nui i kou hāpai ʻana no ka mālama prenatal. E loli ka helu o nā kipa a me nā ʻano o nā hōʻike i loaʻa iā ʻoe, e hilinaʻi ana ma hea ʻoe i kou hāpai ʻana:

• Mālama i ka ʻākala mua
• Mālama ʻelua trimester
• Mālama ʻekolu trimester

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole āu e loaʻa ai i kou wā hāpai. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke kōkua i kāu mea lawelawe e ʻike pehea e ulu ai kāu pēpē a inā aia kekahi pilikia me kou hāpai ʻana. Pili pū paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• Nā hōʻike ultrasound e ʻike pehea e ulu nei kāu pēpē a kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi lā kūpono
• Nā ho'āʻo Glucose e nānā no ka maʻi kō
• Hōʻaʻo koko e nānā no ka DNA fetal maʻamau i kou koko
• ʻO Fetch echocardiography e nānā i ka puʻuwai o ka pēpē
• ʻO Amniocentesis e nānā i nā kīnā hānau a me nā pilikia kūpuna
• Hōʻike translucency Nuchal e nānā i nā pilikia me nā genes o ka pēpē
• Nā hoʻāʻo e nānā ai no ka maʻi i loaʻa i ka moekolohe
• ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻano koko e like me Rh a me ABO
• Nā ho'āʻo koko no ka anemia
• Nā hoʻokolohua koko e hāhai i nā maʻi maʻi i loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana

Kaukaʻi ʻia i kou mōʻaukala ʻohana, koho paha ʻoe i ka nānā ʻana i nā pilikia kūpuna. Nui nā mea e noʻonoʻo ai ma mua o ka hana ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe. Hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā pono kēia iā ʻoe.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hāpai hāpai kiʻekiʻe, pono paha ʻoe e ʻike pinepine i kāu mea hāʻawi a loaʻa nā hōʻoia hou.

He aha e manaʻo ai i ka wā hāpai

E kamaʻilio pū kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā hoʻopiʻi ʻōpū maʻamau e like me:

• Maʻi maʻi kakahiaka
• Backache, ʻeha wāwae, a me nā ʻeha ʻē aʻe i ka wā hāpai
• Pilikia hiamoe
• Hoʻololi ka ʻili a me ka lauoho
• ʻO ke kahe o ke kīpē i ka hāpai mua ʻana

ʻAʻole like nā hāpai ʻelua. Loaʻa i kekahi mau wahine he mau hōʻailona liʻiliʻi a ʻoluʻolu paha i ka wā hāpai. Hana nā wahine he nui i kā lākou wā holoʻokoʻa a huakaʻi ke hāpai lākou. Pono paha kekahi e ʻokiʻoki i kā lākou mau hola a i ʻole oki ka hana ʻana. Pono kekahi mau wahine e hoʻomaha i ka moena no kekahi mau lā a i ʻole he mau pule paha e hoʻomau ai me kahi hāpai hāpai olakino.

HE MAU PILI HANA POSSIBLE

ʻO ka hāpai keiki kahi hana paʻakikī. ʻOiai he nui nā wahine e hāpai maʻamau, hiki i nā pilikia ke kū. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ka manaʻo o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pilikia i ka loaʻa ʻole o kāu pēpē olakino. ʻO ia ka mea e nānā pono ai kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe a mālama pono kūikawā iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē i ke koena o kāu kau.

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau:

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā hāpai (diabetes diabetes).
• ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe i ka wā hāpai (preeclampsia). E kamaʻilio pū kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe iho inā he preeclampsia ʻoe.
• Hoʻololi mua ʻole a preterm paha i ka cervix.
• Nā pilikia me ka placenta. Hiki iā ia ke uhi i ka cervix, huki mai ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole hana ʻole e like me ka mea e pono ai.
• Kahe koko ʻana.
• Ka hana mua.
• ʻAʻole ulu maikaʻi kāu pēpē.
• He pilikia olakino kāu pēpē.

Hiki ke makaʻu ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā pilikia kūpono. Akā he mea nui e makaʻala i hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻōuli ʻē.

HANA A ME KA HAKU

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i ka mea e manaʻo ai i ka wā hana a me ka lawe ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻike i kou mau makemake ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hānau. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i ka mea e hoʻopili ai i kāu papa hānau. Makemake ʻoe e hoʻokomo i nā mea e like me:

• Pehea ʻoe e makemake ai e mālama i ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka hana, me kahi o kahi pale epidural
• Pehea kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka episiotomy
• He aha ka mea e hana inā makemake ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana C
• Pehea kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka forceps a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i kōkua ʻia me ka holo
• ʻO wai āu e makemake ai me ʻoe i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana

He manaʻo maikaʻi pū kekahi e hana i kahi papa inoa o nā mea e lawe mai i ka haukapila. Hoʻopili i kahi ʻeke ma mua o ka manawa no laila mākaukau ʻoe e hele ke hele ʻoe i ka hana.

Ke hoʻokokoke aku nei ʻoe i kāu lā palena pau, e ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka haʻi ʻana i ka manawa e hele ai ʻoe i ka hana. Hiki i kāu mea hoʻolako ke haʻi iā ʻoe ke hiki mai ka manawa no kahi hōʻike a i ʻole hele i ka haukapila no ka lawe ʻana.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i ka mea e hana inā hala ʻoe i kāu lā palena pau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i kou mau makahiki a me nā kumu pilikia, pono paha i kāu mea hoʻolako e hoʻoulu i ka hana ma kahi o 39 a 42 mau pule.

Ke hoʻomaka ka hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻolālā e hele i loko o ka hana.

KA MEA E KUMU MAI MAHOPE O KA HANAU ANA I KE KEIKI

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pēpē kahi hanana hoihoi a kupaianaha hoʻi. He hana nui pū kekahi na ka makuahine. Pono ʻoe e mālama iā ʻoe iho i nā pule mua ma hope o ka lawe ʻana. Aia ke ʻano o ka mālama e pono ai i kāu pēpē.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hānai, hoʻolilo paha ʻoe i 1 i 2 mau lā i ka haukapila ma mua o kou hoʻi ʻana i ka home.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻāpana C, noho ʻoe i ka haukapila no 2 a 3 mau lā ma mua o kou hoʻi ʻana i ka home. E wehewehe kāu mea lawelawe i ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe iho ma ka home ke hoʻōla ʻoe.

Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai, nui nā pono i ka waiū hānai. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e lilo i kou kaumaha o ka hāpai ʻana.

E ahonui me ʻoe iho i kou aʻo ʻana i ka umauma. Hiki iā 2 a 3 mau pule ke aʻo i ke akamai o ka hānai ʻana i kāu pēpē. Nui nā mea e aʻo ai, e like me:

• Pehea e mālama ai i kou umauma
• Ke hoʻonohonoho nei i kāu pēpē no ka hānai waiū
• Pehea e lanakila ai i nā pilikia hānai waiū
• ʻO ka pauma waiū waiū a me ka waiho ʻana
• Hoʻololi ka ʻili hānai a me ka nipple i ka loli
• Wā o ka hānai ʻana i ka umauma

Inā makemake ʻoe i kōkua, nui nā waiwai no nā makuahine hou.

I KA wā e kāhea aku ai i kāu mea hāʻawi mālama ola

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hāpai ʻoe a manaʻo paha ʻoe ua hāpai ʻoe a:

• Lawe ʻoe i nā lāʻau no ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi thyroid, ka hopu ʻana, a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko
• ʻAʻole ʻoe e mālama mālama prenatal
• ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā hoʻopiʻi ʻōpū maʻamau me ka ʻole o nā lāʻau
• Ua ʻike ʻia paha ʻoe i kahi maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe, nā kemikala, nā radiation a i ʻole nā ​​mea haumia ʻokoʻa

Kāhea koke i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hāpai ʻoe a me ʻoe:

• Loaʻa i ke kuni, ke anuanu, a i ʻole ka mimiki ʻeha
• Kahe koko ʻana
• ʻEha puʻupuʻu nui
• Pilikia ʻino a koʻikoʻi hoʻi
• E haki i kou wai (haki nā membranes)
• Aia i ka hapa hope o kou hāpai ʻana a ʻike i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pēpē a ʻaʻole paha

ʻO Cline M, mālama ʻo Young N. Antepartum mālama. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO Conn's Current Therapy 2020. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier 2020: e. 1-e 8.

Greenberg JM, Haberman B, Narendran V, Nathan AT, Schibler K. Neonatal morbidities o ka prenatal a me ka perinatal kumu. I: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, eds. ʻO Medicine a Maternal-Fetal a Creasy a me Resnik: Nā Manaʻo a me ka Hoʻomeheu. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 73.

ʻO Gregory KD, Ramos DE, Jauniaux ERM. Mālama mua ʻana a me ka mālama mua ʻana. I: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, eds. Nā Obstetrics: Nā Pregnancies Maʻamau a me nā pilikia. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 6.

Magowan BA, Owen P, Thomson A. Mālama hāpai mua. I: Magowan BA, Owen P, Thomson A, hua. ʻO nā Obstetrics Clinical a me nā Gynecology. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Ltd.; 2019: chap 6.

ʻO Williams DE, Pridjian G. Obstetrics. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 20.