CBC hoʻāʻo koko

Kuhi kahi helu piha i ke koko (CBC) i kēia mau mea:

• Ka helu o nā ʻulaʻula koko (helu RBC)
• Ka helu o nā keʻo keʻokeʻo (helu WBC)
• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin i ke koko
• ʻO ka hapa o ke koko i haku ʻia o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (hematocrit)

Hāʻawi ka hōʻike CBC i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ana aʻe:

• Ka nui o ke kino o ke koko ʻulaʻula (MCV)
• ʻO ka nui Hemoglobin no ke koko ʻulaʻula (MCH)
• ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin e pili ana i ka nui o ke kele (hemoglobin konsentration) no ke koko ʻulaʻula (MCHC)

Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ka helu platelet i ka CBC.

Pono kahi laʻana koko.

ʻAʻole pono kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.

Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ke kui kele e huki i ke koko, ʻike paha ʻoe i ka ʻeha kaulike. ʻIke wale kekahi poʻe i ka ʻōkuʻu a i ʻole kui. A ma hope paha e loaʻa paha kahi ʻōniʻoniʻo a ʻūpā iki paha. Hele koke kēia.

ʻO kahi CBC kahi hōʻike lab i hana mau ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike a nānā i nā ʻano olakino like ʻole. E kauoha paha kāu mea mālama ola i kēia hōʻike:

• Ma ke ʻāpana o kahi nānā maʻamau
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli, e like me ka luhi, ka pohō o ke kaupaona, ke kuni a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o kahi maʻi, nāwaliwali, ʻulupā, kahe ʻana o ke kō, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Ke loaʻa nei ʻoe i nā lāʻau (nā lāʻau a i ʻole radiation) i hiki ke hoʻololi i nā hopena helu o kou koko
• E nānā i kahi olakino olakino lōʻihi (lōʻihi) e hoʻololi paha i nā hopena helu o kou koko, e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai mau

Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā helu koko me ke kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka laulaha, nā hopena maʻamau:

Helu RBC:

• Kāne: 4.7 a 6.1 miliona mau hunaola / mcL
• Wahine: 4.2 a 5.4 miliona mau pūnaewele / mcL

Helu WBC:

• 4,500 a i 10,000 mau pūnaewele / mcL

Hematocrit:

• Kāne: 40.7% a 50.3%
• Wahine: 36.1% a 44.3%

Hemoglobin:

• Kāne: 13.8 a 17.2 gm / dL
• Wahine: 12.1 a 15.1 gm / dL

Nā kuhikuhina pūnaewele ʻulaʻula:

• MCV: 80 a 95 femtoliter
• MCH: 27 a 31 pg / keena
• MCHC: 32 a 36 gm / dL

Heluna platelet:

• 150,000 a i 450,000 / dL

ʻO nā laʻana ma luna he ana maʻamau no nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana kekahi mau labs i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻāʻo i nā laʻana like ʻole. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike kikoʻī.

ʻO RBC kiʻekiʻe, hemoglobin, a i ʻole hematocrit paha ma muli o:

• Loaʻa ka lawa ʻole o ka wai a me nā wai, e like me ka maʻi kōkō nui, ka sweating nui, a i ʻole nā ​​pila wai i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi puʻupaʻa me ka hana erythropoietin kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen haʻahaʻa i loko o ke koko no ka manawa lōʻihi, pinepine ma muli o ka maʻi puʻuwai a i ʻole maʻi māmā
• ʻO Polcythemia vera
• Puhipaka

Low RBC, hemoglobin, a i ʻole hematocrit kahi hōʻailona o ka anemia, a ʻo ia ka hopena ma:

• Ka nalowale ʻana o ke koko (a i ʻole hikiwawe, a mai nā pilikia e like me nā wā menstrual kaumaha ma kahi lōʻihi)
• Hoka iwi iwi (ʻo kahi laʻana, mai ka pāhawewe, maʻi, a i ʻole ka tumo)
• Ka haki ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (hemolysis)
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO kekahi mau kūlana olakino lōʻihi (mau), e like me ka maʻi maʻi puʻuwai mau, colitis ulcerative, a i ʻole rheumatoid arthritis
• Leukemia
• ʻO nā maʻi lōʻihi lōʻihi e like me ka hepatitis
• ʻO kaʻai maikaʻi ʻole a me ka meaʻai pono, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hao, folate, wikamina B12, a i ʻole vitamin B6
• Myeloma lehulehu

Kapa ʻia kahi haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka helu o ke kiko keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he leukopenia. ʻO ka helu WBC i hōʻemi ʻia ma muli o:

• Ka hana ʻino ʻana a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ke ake
• Nā maʻi Autoimmune (e like me systemic lupus erythematosus)
• Hoka iwi iwi (ʻo kahi laʻana, ma muli o ka maʻi, tumor, radiation, a me fibrosis)
• Nā lāʻau Chemotherapy i hoʻohana e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO ka maʻi o ke ake a i ʻole ka palu
• ʻLepala hoʻonui
• Nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea ʻino, e like me mono a me AIDS
• Nā Lapaʻau

ʻO kahi helu WBC kiʻekiʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo leukositosis. Hiki ke hopena mai:

• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me corticosteroids
• Nā maʻi ʻino
• Nā maʻi e like me lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, a i ʻole allergy
• Leukemia
• Kaumaha nui o ke ʻano a me ke kaumaha o ke kino
• Poino o kaʻaʻaʻa (e like me ke kuni a i ʻole ka puʻuwai puʻuwai)

ʻO kahi helu platelet kiʻekiʻe ma muli o:

• Kahena
• Nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Ka hemahema hao
• Nā pilikia me ka momona o ka iwi

ʻO kahi helu platelet haʻahaʻa ma muli o:

• Nā maʻi i hoʻopau ʻia nā platelet
• Hapai keiki
• ʻLepala hoʻonui
• Hoka iwi iwi (ʻo kahi laʻana, ma muli o ka maʻi, tumor, radiation, a me fibrosis)
• Nā lāʻau Chemotherapy i hoʻohana e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka makaʻu me ka lawe ʻia o kou koko. ʻOkoʻa nā aʻa a me nā aʻa i ka nui mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi, a mai kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino i kekahi ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai kekahi poʻe ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kau ʻana o ke koko he liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Kahe nui ke koko
• Pāleʻale a ʻoluʻolu paha
• Hematoma (hōʻiliʻili koko ma lalo o ka ʻili)
• Maʻiʻaʻai (i iki kamepiula i kēlā me kēia manawa ka ʻili i haki)

Hāpai nā RBC i ka hemoglobin, a lawe i ka oxygen. ʻO ka nui o ka oxygen i loaʻa i nā kino o ke kino e pili ana i ka nui a me ka hana o nā RBC a me ka hemoglobin.

ʻO WBC nā mea uwao a me ka pane o ke aʻa pale. Aia kekahi mau ʻano WBC like ʻole i ʻike ʻia i ke koko.

• Nā Neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocytes)
• Nā pūnaewele pūnana (neutrophil liʻiliʻi ʻole)
• Nā lymphocytes type (T cells)
• ʻO nā lymphocytes B (ʻano B)
• Nā Monositita
• Nā ʻEosinopila
• Nā basophil

Helu piha ke koko; Anemia - CBC

• ʻUla koko ʻulaʻula, ʻili maʻiʻo
• Anemia Megaloblastic - nānā i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula, ʻano kulu waimaka
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula - maʻamau
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula - elliptocytosis
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula - spherocytosis
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula - nā ʻāpana sickle he nui
• Basophil (pani)
• Malaria, ʻike microscopic o nā parasites cellular
• Malaria, photomicrograph o nā parasites cellular
• ʻUla koko ʻulaʻula
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula - maʻi pahi a me Pappenheimer
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola target
• Nā mea i hana ʻia o ke koko
• Helu piha i ke koko - moʻo

ʻO Bunn HF. Hele i nā anemias. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 158.

ʻO Costa K. Hematology. I: Ka Haukapila ʻo Johns Hopkins; Hughes HK, Kahl LK, hoʻoponopono. ʻO ka Halemai ʻo Johns Hopkins: Ka puke lima ʻo Harriet Lane. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 14.

ʻO Vajpayee N, Graham SS, Bem S. Nānā maʻamau o ke koko a me ka iwi iwi. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 22nd ʻepekema St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 30.