Ka nalowale ʻana o ka makapō a me ka hihi

ʻO ka ʻike maka ʻole ka makapō. Hiki paha ke kuhikuhi i kahi nalo o ka hihi i hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono me nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani pili.

• ʻO ka makapō hapa ka manaʻo o ʻoe ke kaupalena ʻia.
• ʻO ka makapō piha ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mea a ʻike ʻole i ka mālam. (ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka huaʻōlelo "makapō" ʻo ia ka makapō piha.)

ʻO ka poʻe me ka hihiʻo i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 20/200, ʻoiai me nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani kilohi, e manaʻo ʻia he makapō i ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

ʻO ka nalo o ka hihiʻo e pili ana i ka nalo hapa a piha paha o ka hihiʻo. Hiki wawe paha kēia hihi ʻike a i ʻole i loko o kekahi manawa.

ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ʻano o ka nalowale hihi ke alakaʻi i ka makapō piha.

Nui nā kumu i ka nalowale ʻana o ka hihiʻo. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo nā kumu nui ke:

• Nā ulia pōpilikia a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha i ka ʻili o ka maka (puhi kemikal a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha haʻuki)
• Diabetes
• Glaucoma
• Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa mākeke

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka hapa o ka hihi ʻike, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumu.

• Me nā cataract, he ʻōpua a aniani paha ka hihi, a hoʻomālamalama ka ʻōlinolino
• Me ka maʻi diabetes, pohihihi paha ka ʻike, aia paha he aka a i ʻole nalo i nā wahi o ka hihiʻo, a paʻakikī e ʻike i ka pō
• Me ka glaucoma, aia paha he hihi tunnel a me nā wahi o ka hihiʻo e nalo ana
• Me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa macular, maʻamau ka hihi ʻaoʻao, akā ua nalo mālie ka ʻike waena

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi me:

• Nā kīʻaha koko i ālai ʻia
• Nā pilikia o ka hānau mua ʻole (fibroplasia retrolental)
• Nā pilikia o ke kaha ʻana o ka maka
• Maka malohi
• Optical neuritis
• Hahau
• Retinitis pigmentosa
• Nā tumors, e like me retinoblastoma a me optic glioma

ʻO ka makapō makapō (ʻaʻohe ʻike maka) pinepine ʻia i:

• ʻEha nui a ʻeha paha
• Hoʻokaʻawale retina paʻa
• ʻO glaucoma pae pae
• Hoʻopau i ka retinopathy diabetic pae
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi o loko loa (endophthalmitis)
• ʻO ke kīʻaha vascular (hahau i ka maka)

Ke ʻike haʻahaʻa ʻoe, pilikia paha ʻoe i ka hoʻokele, heluhelu ʻana, a i ʻole hana ʻana i nā hana liʻiliʻi e like me ka humuhumu ʻana a i ʻole ke hana ʻana i nā hana lima. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i kou home a me nā hana maʻamau e kōkua iā ʻoe e noho palekana a kūʻokoʻa. Hāʻawi nā lawelawe he nui iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ke kākoʻo āu e pono ai e noho kūʻokoʻa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kōkua ʻike haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka nalo ʻana o ka hihiʻo ʻike pinepine ʻia he pilikia ia, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i nalowale loa i ka ʻike. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e nānā ʻole i ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi, ke manaʻo nei e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

Kāhea aku i ka ophthalmologist a i ʻole e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā nalo o ka hihiʻo he mea ʻeha ʻole, a ʻo ka nele o ka ʻeha a hōʻemi loa i ka makemake nui e kiʻi i ka mālama olakino. Hāʻawi wale nā ​​ʻano he nui o ka nalo ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi manawa pōkole e mālama maikaʻi ʻia.

E hana ana kāu mea mālama ola i kahi hōʻike maka piha. E mālama ka lāʻau i ke kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi.

No ka nalowale o ka hihiʻo lōʻihi, e ʻike i kahi loea ʻike haʻahaʻa, hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo e mālama iā ʻoe iho a ola i kahi ola piha.

Lilo o ka ʻike; ʻAʻohe ʻike māmā (NLP); Hihi ʻike haʻahaʻa; Ka nalowale ʻana o ka hihiʻo a me ka makapō

• Neurofibromatosis I - foramen optic hoʻonui ʻia

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 395.

ʻO Colenbrander A, Fletcher DC, Schoessow K. Hoʻolaha hou. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO Conn's Current Therapy 2021. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 524-528.

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Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Nā maʻi o ka hihiʻo. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 639.