Nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi puʻuwai

Hoʻonui pinepine ka maʻi puʻuwai i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pilikia puʻuwai koʻikoʻi. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike e ulu ana ʻoe i ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻAʻole maopopo paha nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka maʻi puʻuwai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole like kēlā me kēia me nā ʻōuli.

ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​e like me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka puhaka ʻana o ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a me ka hanu ʻana o ka manawa he hōʻailona paha ia e hewa ana kekahi mea. Hiki i ke aʻo ʻana i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona ke kōkua iā ʻoe e loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hahau.

ʻO kaʻeha o ka umauma he ʻoluʻolu a ʻeha paha āu e ʻike ai ma ke alo o kou kino, ma waena o kou ʻāʻī a me kou ʻōpū luna. Nui nā kumu o ka ʻeha o ka umauma i pili ʻole i kou puʻuwai.

Akā ʻo ka ʻeha o ka umauma ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ke kahe o ke koko maikaʻi ʻole i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻeha o ka umauma angina.

Hiki i ka ʻeha o ka umauma ke loaʻa ʻole ka nui o ke koko a me ka oxygen. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka ʻeha mai kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻAʻole pili ka nui o ka ʻeha i ka nui o ka pilikia.

• Hiki paha i kekahi poʻe ke ʻehaʻeha, ʻoiai ka manaʻo o kekahi poʻe ʻoluʻolu iki.
• ʻIke paha kou umauma i ke kaumaha a i ʻole e like me ka ʻū ʻana o kekahi i kou puʻuwai. ʻIke paha ʻoe i kahi ʻeha, ʻeha ke ʻā ʻana i kou umauma.
• ʻIke paha ʻoe i ka ʻeha ma lalo o kou umauma (sternum), a i ʻole ma kou ʻāʻī, lima, ʻōpū, iwi ʻā, a i luna hoʻi.
• Kū pinepine ka ʻeha o ka umauma me ka hana a me ka naʻau, a hele me ka hoʻomaha a i ʻole kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo nitroglycerin.
• Hiki i ka palaka maikaʻi ʻole ke hōʻeha i ka umauma.

ʻO ka wahine, ʻelemakule makua, a me ka poʻe me ka maʻi kō e loaʻa iki a ʻehaʻeha paha ka umauma. Loaʻa paha iā lākou nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka ʻeha o ka umauma, e like me:

• Ka luhi
• Pokole o ka hanu
• Nāwaliwali laulā
• Hoʻololi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili a i ʻole pallor hina (nā ʻāpana o ka loli i ka ʻili o ka ʻili e pili ana i ka nāwaliwali)

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai ke komo pū:

• Hopohopo nui loa
• Falu ʻana a i ʻole lilo o ka ʻike
• Lightheadedness a ʻūpā paha
• Nausea a i ʻole ka luaʻi
• Palpitations (manaʻo e like me ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole kūlike ʻole o kou puʻuwai)
• Pokole o ka hanu
• ʻO ka hou, ka mea kaumaha loa paha

Ke hiki ʻole i ka puʻuwai ke pauma i ke koko e like me ka mea e pono ai, hoʻihoʻi ke koko i nā veins i hele aku mai nā ake māmā a i ka puʻuwai. Pulu ka wai i loko o nā akemāmā a me ke kumu o ka hanu ʻana. ʻO kēia kahi hōʻailona o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.

Hoʻomaopopo paha ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu:

• Ma ka hana
• ʻOiai ʻoe e hoʻomaha ana
• Ke moe pālahalaha nei ʻoe ma kou kua - hiki paha iā ia ke hoʻāla iā ʻoe mai ka hiamoe ʻana

ʻO ke kanikau a i ʻole ka huehue ʻole e hele aku i lilo i hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e ulu ana ka wai i loko o kou mau māmā. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻeke i ka mucus a pink a koko paha.

ʻO ka pehu (edema) i kou mau wāwae lalo kekahi hōʻailona o kahi pilikia puʻuwai. Ke holo pono ʻole kou puʻuwai, holo ke koko a hoʻi i hope i nā uaua i kou mau wāwae. Kumu kēia i ka wai e kūkulu i loko o kāu mauʻaʻaʻa.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke pehu i loko o kou ʻōpū a ʻike paha i kahi loaʻa kaumaha.

ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko e lawe i ke koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino e manaʻo paha ʻoe he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻi no ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. Hiki iā ia ke hana ke kūpikipiki a me nā mea momona ʻē aʻe (plaque) ma luna o nā paia o kāu mau aʻa.

Hiki i ke koko maikaʻi ʻole i nā wāwae ke alakaʻi i:

• Pain, achiness, luhi, puhi ʻana, a i ʻole hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i nā mākala o kou mau wāwae, nā bipi keiki, a me nā ʻūhā.
• Nā ʻōuli e ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hele wāwae ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika kino, a hele aku ma hope o kekahi mau minuke hoʻomaha.
• Pōpō i kou mau wāwae a me kou mau wāwae ke hoʻomaha ʻoe. Hiki ke ʻoluʻolu paha kou mau wāwae i ka hoʻopā ʻana, a ʻāwī paha ke nānā ka ʻili.

Hana ʻia kahi hahau ke kū ke koko i kahi ʻāpana o ka lolo. Kapa ʻia ka hahau i kekahi manawa he "hoʻouka lolo." Hiki i nā ʻōuli o ka hahau ke hoʻopili i ka paʻakikī i ka neʻe ʻana i nā lālā ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o kou kino, kahi ʻaoʻao o ke alo e hiolo ana, ka paʻakikī me ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo.

Hiki i nā luhi ke loaʻa i nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka manaʻo pinepine he pono ʻoe i kahi hoʻomaha hou aʻe. Akā ʻo ka manaʻo e holo i lalo hiki ke hōʻailona o kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka luhi paha kahi hōʻailona o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ke:

• Ua ʻoi aku kou luhi ma mua o ka maʻamau. He mea maʻamau no nā wahine e luhi nui ma mua a i ʻole i ka wā o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai.
• Manaʻo nui ʻoe i ka luhi hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hana i kāu hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā.
• He nawaliwali koke ʻoe.

Inā ʻaʻole hiki i kou puʻuwai ke pīpī i ke koko pū kekahi, e kui paha ia i ka wikiwiki e hoʻāʻo e hoʻomau. ʻIke paha ʻoe i kou puʻuwai e heihei a i ʻole kuʻi ana paha. Hiki i ke kuʻi puʻuwai wikiwiki a kaulike ʻole paha ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka arrhythmia. He pilikia kēia me ka helu o kou puʻuwai a i ʻole ke mele.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi puʻuwai, e kelepona koke aku i kāu kauka. Mai kali a ʻike inā hele aku nā ʻōuli a kipaku paha iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea ʻole.

Kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911) inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha o ka umauma a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai
• Inā ʻike ʻoe he angina kou a he ʻeha ka umauma e hele ʻole ma hope o 5 mau minuke o ka hoʻomaha a ma hope paha o ka lawe ʻana i nitroglycerine
• Inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi puʻuwai paha kāu
• Inā lilo ʻoe i pōkole loa o ka hanu
• Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua lilo paha kou ʻike

Angina - nā hōʻailona hōʻailona maʻi maʻi puʻuwai; ʻEha o ka umauma - nā hōʻailona hōʻailona maʻi maʻi puʻuwai; Dyspnea - hōʻailona hōʻailona hōʻailona maʻi puʻuwai; Edema - nā hōʻailona hōʻailona maʻi maʻi puʻuwai; Palpitations - hōʻailona hōʻailona hōʻailona maʻi puʻuwai

Fihn SD, Blankenship JC, Alexander KP, et al. 2014 ACC / AHA / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS nānā nui i ka papa kuhikuhi no ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi puʻuwai ischemic paʻa: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force ma nā Kūlana Kūpono, a me ka ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka ʻoki kino Thoracic, ʻAhahui kahu maʻi Cardiovascular Preventive, ʻAhahui no ka Angiography a me nā hana a Cardiovascular, a me ka Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Kaapuni. 2014; 130 (19): 1749-1767. PMID: 25070666 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25070666.

Goff DC Jr, Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, et al. 2013 ACC / AHA alakaʻi ma ka loiloi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai: kahi hōʻike o ka American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force e pili ana i nā kulekele hana. Kaapuni. 2014; 129 (25 Hōʻuluʻulu 2): S49-S73. PMID: 24222018 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24222018.

ʻO Gulati M, Bairey Merz CN. ʻO ka maʻi Cardiovascular i nā wahine. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 89.

ʻApōpō DA, de Lemos JA. Maʻi maʻi ischemic paʻa. I: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai ʻo Braunwald: He puke aʻo no ka lāʻau Cardiovascular. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 61.

• Nā maʻi puʻuwai